The likely effects of Brexit on the UK economyAssignment on ”Business Issues In The Contemporary World”Submitted To: Ali Farhat & Obiajulu Ede Submitted By:Maro Ampntel Maksount ChalilContents TOC o “1-3” h z u Introduction PAGEREF _Toc530348629 h 3How European Union (EU) Was Created PAGEREF _Toc530348630 h 3Brief History of European Union (EU) PAGEREF _Toc530348631 h 3Britain & European Union PAGEREF _Toc530348632 h 5The Potential Impact Of Brexit PAGEREF _Toc530348633 h 6Conclusion PAGEREF _Toc530348634 h 6References PAGEREF _Toc530348635 h 7 IntroductionBrexit, or Britain’s decision of disengagement from the European Union, has been at the forefront of everybody’s thoughts since the declaration a couple of months back. England’s current Prime Minister, Theresa May, at long last marked the letter conjuring Article 50 on 30th May 2017, after much discussion and forward and backward about Britain’s exit from the European Union between the Conservative and Labour parties, and the nationals of the nation.
Which makes one wonder, what is the discussion about? Will Brexit be a horrible move for the country, financially and politically? Or then again will it be beneficial to the point that the smidgen of inadvertent blow-back can be taken into walk? For reasons unknown, it’s a touch of both.How European Union (EU) Was Created The European Union is set up with the point of ending the frequent wars between neighbours, which culminated in the Second World War. Starting at 1950, the European Coal and Steel Community starts to join European nations monetarily and politically with the end goal to anchor enduring peace. The six inaugurating nations are Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands. The 1950s are overwhelmed by a cold war among east and west. Dissents in Hungary against the Communist administration are put around Soviet tanks in 1956. In 1957, the Treaty of Rome makes the European Economic Community (EEC), or ‘Common Market’.
The Founding Fathers of European Union consisted of eleven leaders who worked and wanted to create a peaceful, united and prosperous Europe. Some of them was Joseph Bech a Luxembourgish politician ” It was a joint memorandum from the Benelux countries that led to the convening of the Messina Conference in June 1955, paving the way for the European Economic Community.” CITATION Com17 l 2057 (Commission, 2017) Another equally important founding father of European Union was the international banker, businessman and politician Johan Willem Beyen was a Dutch politician who, with his ‘Beyen Plan’, breathed new life into the process of European integration in the mid-1950s. Beyen is one of the lesser-known members of the group of Founding Fathers of the EU. Amongst the people who knew him he was admired for his charm, international orientation and social ease.Brief History of European Union (EU) The 1960s is a decent period for the economy, helped by the way that EU nations quit charging custom obligations when they exchange with one another.
They additionally concur joint power over nourishment creation, with the goal that everyone presently has enough to eat – and soon there is even surplus horticultural deliver. May 1968 winds up popular for understudy revolts in Paris, and numerous adjustments in the public eye and conduct progress toward becoming related with the supposed ”68 generation”. Denmark, Ireland and the United Kingdom join the European Union on 1 January 1973, raising the quantity of Member States to nine. The short, yet merciless, Arab-Israeli war of October 1973 outcomes in a vitality emergency and financial issues in Europe. The last conservative autocracies in Europe arrive at an end with the oust of the Salazar administration in Portugal in 1974 and the passing of General Franco of Spain in 1975. The EU provincial strategy begins to exchange enormous wholes of cash to make occupations and framework in poorer zones.
The European Parliament expands its impact in EU issues and in 1979 all nationals can, out of the blue, choose their individuals straightforwardly. The battle against contamination heightens during the 1970s. The EU receives laws to secure the earth, presenting the idea of ‘the polluter pays’ for the very first time in history. The Polish trade union, Solidarno??, and its leader Lech Walesa, become household names across European Community and the world following the Gdansk shipyard tap in the summertime of 1980. In 1981, Greece becomes the 10th extremity of the EU, and Spain and Portugal follow five years later. In 1986 the Single European Number is signed. This is an accord which provides the basis for a vast six-year programme aimed at sorting out the job with the free flow of trade across Common Market perimeter and thus creates the ‘Single Market’. There is major political agitation when, on 9 November 1989, the Irving Berlin Wall is pulled down and the border between E and Rebecca West Germany is opened for the first time in 28 years.
This gives rise to the reunification of Germany, when both E and West Germany are united in October 1990. With the disintegrate of communism beyond central and eastern Europe, European transmute closer adjacent. In 1993 the Single Market is completed with the ‘four freedom ‘ of: movement of goods, services, people and money. The 1990s is also the 10 of two treaties: the ‘Maastricht’ Accord on European Union in 1993 and the Treaty of Amsterdam in 1999.
People are concerned about how to protect the environs and how Europeans can act together when it comes to security and defence topic. In 1995 the European Union increase three more new members: Republic of Austria, Finland and Sweden. A small village in Luxembourg-Ville gives its name to the ‘Schengen’ agreements that gradually allow people to traveling without having their passports checked at the borders.
Millions of young people study in other country with EU support. Communicating is make easier as more and more people start using mobile phones and the internet. The euro is now the new currency for many Europeans. During the decade more and more commonwealth adopt the euro. 11 September 2001 becomes synonymous with the ‘War on Terror’ after hijacked airliner are tent flap into buildings in New House of York and Washington. EU land begin to work much closer to fight the crime. The political section between East and due west Common Market are finally declared healed when no fewer than 10 new nation join the EU in 2004, followed by Bulgaria and Romania in 2007. A financial crisis hits the global economic system in September 2008.
The Treaty of Lisbon is ratified by all EU country before entrance into force in 2009. It provides the EU with modern font institutions and more efficient workings method acting. The political divisions between east and west Europe are finally declared healed when no fewer than 10 new body politic join the EU in 2004, followed by Bulgaria and Romania in 2007. A financial crisis hits the global economy in September 2008. The Treaty of Lisbon is ratified by all EU body politic before entering into force in 2009.
It provides the EU with modern institutions and more efficient working methods. The global economic crisis strikes hard in Europe. The EU avail several countries to confront their difficulties and establishes the ‘Banking Union’ to ensure safer and more reliable banks. In 2012, the European Union is awarded the Nobel Serenity Prize. Croatia becomes the 28th member of the EU in 2013. Climate change is still high on the agenda and leaders agree to reduce harmful emissions. European elections are held in 2014 and more Eurosceptics are elected into the European Parliament. A new certificate policy is established in the wake of the annexation of Crimea by Russia.
Religious extremism increases in the Middle East and various countries and region around the world, leading to unrest and wars which result in many people fleeing their dwelling and seeking refuge in Europe. The EU is not only faced with the dilemma of how to take care of them, but also finds itself the target of several terrorist attacks.Britain ; European Union Britain made its first application to be a member of European Union in 1961. It was rapidly obvious that there was a risk of political disengagement inside Western Europe, Commonwealth states were hurrying to do manages the new coalition, and it had American help. This application was rejected by the French Government in 1963 with a second application vetoed by the French again in 1967. It was just in 1969 that the green light was given to transactions for British enrolment. The United Kingdom joined the European Economic Community (as it at that point might have been) on 1 January 1973 with Denmark and Ireland.
This demonstrated questionable at the time. The Labour party at first looked for renegotiation of enrolment. This was conditioned down to requiring a choice on whether the United Kingdom ought to remain some portion of the Community. This submission was appropriately held in 1975 with a 67% vote for proceeded with participation. The outcome of the Britain ‘s referendum on membership of the European Conglutination (EU) will shape the future of the country’s relationship with its largest trade partner – the European Union.
Members of the EU has reduced trade costs between the United Kingdom and the relaxation of Europe. Most obviously, there is a usance coupling between EU members, which means that all duty barriers have been removed within the EU, allowing for free trade in goods and services.The Potential Impact Of Brexit On June 23rd, the British population will decide through a referendum about whether or not to stay in the European Union. It is the most vital vote that the greater part of Britain population will have in their lifetimes. The European Union (EU) is the UK’s largest trade partner. Around a half of the UK’s trade is with the EU. ” EU membership reduces trade costs between the UK and the EU. This makes goods and services cheaper for UK consumers and allows UK businesses to export more.
” CITATION Ree16 l 2057 (Reenen, June 2016) Unfortunately, no one can be sure about the impact that Brexit will have to Britain itself and to the rest of European Union. There are two possible scenarios of Brexit. The first one is the optimistic scenario which means in other words that the increase in trade costs between the UK and the EU is small, and a pessimistic scenario with a larger rise in trade costs. In the first scenario, the optimistic one, the UK’s exchange relations with the EU are like those at present delighted in by Norway.
The European Economic Area (EEA) was established in 1994 to give a solution to the non-members of European Union a way to become members of the Single Market. As an individual from the European Financial Area (EEA), Norway has a facilitated commerce concurrence with the EU, which implies that there are no taxes on exchange among Norway and the EU. Norway is likewise an individual from the European single market and embraces arrangements and directions intended to lessen non-tax hindrances inside the single market. In the second scenario, the worst one for Brexit is that Britain is unwilling to accept the free movement of labour and the associated regulations that are part of the access price to the Single Market and faces the usual EU external tariffs that are imposed on non-EU members. Trade falls by more in this case because the EU imposes tariffs on British exports and non-tariff barriers rise further due to regulatory divergence. In this pessimistic scenario, Brexit reduces British incomes by 2.
5%. Conclusion Being a member of the EU essentially implies being with the world’s biggest and most incredible financial coalition, and the opportunity to move and exchange inside a colossal facilitated commerce zone. Brexit would in the end imply that a similar exchange guidelines and confinement would be forced on Britain as on other non-EU countries. Keeping up nearness and harvesting benefits from different countries would end up costlier and more troublesome, normally. Additionally, the travel industry would surely end up pricier, and understudies would think that it is harder to pick up admission to, and have the capacity to monetarily bear, contemplating in whatever is left of the EU countries. By exiting the EU, Britain gains some and loses some. From the overwhelming public vote against Remain, it is clear what people want.
What will be the policy of Britain and how it will handle the situations after the exit remains to be seen, and will be a true test of the nation’s integrity and fortitude.References BIBLIOGRAPHY Commission, C. d. o. t.
E., 2017. Joseph Bech. Online Available at: https://europa.eu/european-union/sites/europaeu/files/docs/body/joseph_bech_en.pdf SWATI DHINGRA, GIANMARCO OTTAVIANO, THOMAS SAMPSON AND JOHN VAN REENEN, 2016. The consequences of Brexit forUK trade and living standards viewed 28 October 2018.
Available from: http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/66144/1/__lse.ac.%20Breuk_storage_LIBRARY_Secondary_libfile_shared_repository_Content_LSExitVote%20blog_brexit02.
pdfVAUGHNE MILLER, 2016. Brexit: impact acrosspolicy areas viewed 28 October 2018. Available from: http://dera.ioe.ac.uk/27171/1/CBP-7213.pdfUNKNOWN, 2017.
The history of the European Union viewed 31 October 2018. Available from: https://europa.eu/european-union/about-eu/history_enWHITELEY PAUL , D.
CLARKE HAROLD and GOODWIN MATTHEW, 2017. Brexit: Why Britain Voted to Leave the European Union. Cambridge University PressBRENDAN MCGEEVER and SATNAM VIRDEE, 2017. Racism, Crisis, Brexit viewed 5 October 2018.
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